Gravity type oil burj



Aug.16,1949. R. C. van 2,479,033

GRAVITY TYPE OIL BURNER Filed m. 22. 1946 1 INVENTOR, ROBERT C. VIE/7' A TTORNEYS 17g ymi'ie 45 Jay I Patented Aug. 16, 1949 GnAvr'rY'rYPE 01L BURNER Robert G-,.Veit, East Detroit, Mich. Application October 22, 1946-, Serialin. 704,955

3; Claims.

lhe present in oiI burners, particularly of the type inwhich the oil is fed to the combustion chamber by gravity. t

The object. of the present invention is to. pro.- vide an oil burner the gravity feed type which secondary air is introduced into the comlbustion chamber in such a manner that a. more complete mixing thereof;- witht-he vaporized fuel and primary air is enacted than with previously known burners of this. type.

Another objectof the invention is. to. introduce completely vaporized fuet and the secondary air into: the combustion chamber in a manner that precludes the-possibility. oi the collection of carbon in the chamber to interfere with proper combustion.

A further object of the invention is to provide for preheating the primarytuel vaporizing air and the fuel, and for fuel into. the combustion chamber by acompact and easilyfabricated; structure.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will Ibe apparent from the followingdescription of a preferred form of the invention, reference being made to the accompanying; drawmgs wherein:

Fig. 1 is a vertical ity feed type oil flourner, the section fleeing taken on line F4 of Fig. 2.; and- Fig; 2 is a view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1

Referring to the drawing, I have shown a burner adapted toburn a hydrocarbon fuel such as petroleum, oil orkerosene, and" ingeneral, it

comprises a chamber 5 havinga fuel vaporizing structure 6= located; centrally thereof; The vaporizing structure is adapted to feed vaporized fuel into an annular combustion chamber or zone I where such fuel is mixed'with secondary air and completely burned.

The chamber 5 is formed oit'a, howlrlike member l0 having a substantially bottom wall H and a conical formation or cone i2 at the center thereof, the purpose of which will be more fully explained hereinafter. A shouider I3 is. formed about the bowl adjacent. the topthereof for receiving a. tubular cover. M. The cover tt preferably has. "mperforate side walls, and the top thereof is closed except for an opening It for connecting the burner with a flue, not shown. The lbowl l0 may be supported by a tubular member I! received between circularly arranged lugs 28, or if desired, the bowl could be supported by laterally extending lugs I9.

The fuel vaporizing structure includes the cone distributing the vaporized cross-section view of a gravinventiort relates; to. improvements a. fuel. nl op n ng 2.0.- extendin ax 1y. hero hr ush and. which is. adapted, to supply fuel Qilzto thet n. o the. format n. The 0.11 is. iedby ra i y o the burner through a pipe 2|. threaded i to t e-bottom of he. opening. 20., an wh ch lea s from. an. oil; reser o r. n t shown. Two circular, co cent ically arr n ed. walls. 3

l2 which. has

and 2. are formed; extending upwardly rom the b tom wall ll; of; the bowl',. th base of. the. wall 23 being adja nt t'othe. periphery of th b se f the cone |z A plura ity of: hostages. 25. are

ed whi h xtend; ra ia v. iron th base of the co o r y th ough the walls 23 an 2. T e outer ends of t e. passages .5 erm nate.- at t e. outer surface. of. wa l H. Th pa ges are formed by t bottom. wal l. and emiubu a wall portions 21. The passages 415i serve to conduc l ts of. p ediuel from the ce al p tion or the bowl ll! o tw r y combustion zone 1. ny e able number o passages- 5. may b form d a d. in he m od men shown-there are six such passages equally spaced from one another. q

Po t n of. thebottomwall Lintermediate the W l 2. a d; 24 and he passages. 25.. are open, as

t. 8,,10 fo ming, a passages nto th space between h wall 2.1.. an 27L, The'upner ed e. f the walln i unde cut ioriorming a shoulder 3 thoreabout. and vertical; stack-3.1 is adapted to rest, on the shoulder 3G,, The, Stachil, is? open a ton and b tt m and forms apassase-ior dirooti g a r dow wardly to the. conical tormetion I2.

The outer wall 24 has a circular shoulder 33 f r ed t ereab ut and a dome-like. cove 34. pen at th bott m and. closed at. its. upper end. by a wall315,.is.adaptcd'torestonthe shoulder 3.- It will be observed thatthe cover 34. and. stack 3 form a passasfeiorai as-indicated. by thea rows 3.6 so that air may enter the. open n s. 2 in; the bottomof the bowl. Ill and will rise vertically Hoetweenthe. stack. and. cover andthen descend d w the. stack. and flowover. the, cone l2. and lat y throu pass s. use the oflm ustionzone; Air entering the burner in this manner is referredto as. primary air and it source to. assist in vaporizins the foot, f

In th ,combustion; zoac 1,. intermediate the wallfland the uter ertical-wand the bowl it. a plurality'of secondary air inlets 38 are formed. The inlets 38 are formed by a member having a closed top wall 39 and the side walls are open at 40 so that air entering openings 4| in the bottom wall of the bowl flow upwardly and radially into the combustion zone 1. Preferably, there is a 3 secondary air inlet 38 disposed intermediate each of the outlets of the passages 25.

In operation, fuel is fed to the top of the cone 12 through the inlet 20 and the oil flows down the surface of the cone and through the passages 25 into the combustion zone I. The fuel is then ignited by any suitable means, as by dropping a mat-ch therein, and the ensuing combustion causes air to be drawn upwardly through the secondary air inlets 38 and also primary air will be drawn through the air passage formed'by the stack 3| and cover 34. This latter air will be heated as it passes upwardly [between the cover and stack, as the cover will be heated by the combustion in the zone I. Also, the cone 12 will be heated by conduction through the wall ll of the bowl l0. By passing hot air over the fuel and also heating the surface over which the fuel is flowing, complete and rapid vaporization of the fuel will occur. Thus, very shortly after the ignition of the oil in the fuel chamber, only completely vaporized fuel is fed through the passages 25 into the combustion zone where it is thoroughly mixed with secondary air entering the inlets 38. The passages 2-5 are of such crosssectional area that they produce a substantial jet effect for the vaporized fuel being fed to the combustion zone. The latter thereby creates turbulence in the combustion zone to thoroughly intermix the vaporized fuel with the secondary air. This causes complete combustion of the fuel without the formation of .carbon, and a maximum heat is thereby obtained from the fuel. When mixing the secondary air in the manner described, formation of carbon is eliminated, that would tend to clog the burner and otherwise interfere with complete combustion.

It will be understood that the flow of fuel to the burner may be controlled by any suitable manner. For example, such control could include a valve that is adapted to be closed by a thermostatic element in the event the flame is accidentally extinguished. a a

My improved burner is particularly adapted for space heaters, cooking stoves or any other similar use in which a compact, inexpensive and soot free burner isdesired. The structure lends itself to low cost production and yet the maximum heat will be yielded for the fuel.

Although I have described but one form of the invention, it will be understood that other forms may be employed, all falling within the scope of the claims which follow.

I claim: l

1. An oil burner, comprising, means forming a chamber havinga substantially fiat bottom wall; a conical formation at the central portion of the bottom wall, said formation having a fuel inlet opening at the top throughwhich liquid fuel is fed to the conical surface of the formation; a vertical open tubular stack immediately above said cone and axially aligned therewith; a dome-like cover in said chamber enclosing said stack and cone, and spaced from the sides and top of the stack for forming an air passage to the stack, said cover also being spaced from the sides of the pot for forming an annular combustion chamber, ,saidbottom wall having air inlet openings in registration with the passage bea tween the cover and stack; and means forming radially extending passages leading from adjacent the base of said conical formation into said combustion chamber, said last mentioned means comprising portions of said bottom wall and semi-tubular members over said portions.

2. An oil burner comprising, means forming a combustion chamber; a conical formation at the central portion of the bottom wall of said chamber, said formation having a fuel inlet opening at the top through which liquid fuel is fed to the conical surface of the formation; a vertical open tubular stack surrounding the base of said formation and extending above the top of said formation; a dome-like cover in said chamber enclosing said stack and cone, and spaced from the sides and top of the stack for forming an air passage to the stack, said cover also being spaced from the sides of the chamber for forming an annular combustion zone, said bottom wall havin air inlet openings in registration with said combustion zone and having air inletopenings in registration with the passage between the stack and cover; and means forming radially extending passages leading from adjacent the base of said conical formation and extending through openings in the stack'and cover into said combustion zone.

3. An oil burner comprising, means formin a combustion chamber comprising top, side and bottom walls; a conical formation at the central portion of the bottom wall of said chamber, said formation having a fuel feed opening at the top through which liquid fuel is fed to the conical surface of said formation; a'vertical open tubular stack surrounding the base of said conical formation and extending vertically and above the top of said formation; a dome-like cover in said chamber enclosing said stack and conical formation, and spaced from the side and top walls of the stack for forming an air passage to the stack, said cover also being spaced from the side walls of the chamber for forming an annular combustion zone, said bottom wall having air inlet openings therethrough into said combustion zone and having air inlet openings in registration with the passage between the stack and cover; means forming radially extending passages leading from adjacent the base of said conical formation and extending through openings in the stack and cover into said combustion zone, and the top Wall of said chamber having an eX- haust opening in alignment with the top of the domed cover, so that products of combustion will be drawn over the top of the cover when they are exhausted from combustion chamber. 7 ROBERT C. VEIT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 7 

